![]() Oils and fats, which may be saturated or unsaturated, are healthy and serve essential plants and animal functions. Can be extracted to create a white powder.Compact and not osmotically active inside the cells.The following chemical properties characterize polysaccharides: They are broken into monosaccharides before being absorbed and used for energyĬ) Polysaccharides: A long chain of monosaccharides connected by Glycosidic bonds are called polysaccharides.Physical properties of disaccharides are: Monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes or Ketones - they are molecules with more than one hydroxyl group (―OH) and a carbonyl group (C=O) either at the terminal carbon atom (aldose) or at the second carbon atom (ketose).ī) Disaccharides: It is produced when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration reaction. Monosaccharides are colorless and crystalline compounds.Ĭhemical properties of monosaccharides are:.Physical properties of monosaccharides are: Biologically essential carbohydrates can be categorized into three categories:Ī) Monosaccharide: The most common example is glucose. Carbohydrates get their name from this composition, and it is made up of carbon plus water. Lipids: Differences in saturation determine the structure and function of the lipids.īiological macromolecules are very large molecules formed due to the polymerization of smaller molecules called monomers.Ĭarbohydrates are biological molecules formed from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, in a ratio of approximately one carbon atom to one water molecule.∘ a Nitrogen base (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil) ∘ a five-carbon sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose) Each nucleotide is made up of its structural components: Nucleic acids: Biological information is encoded in sequences of nucleotide monomers in nucleic acids.Proteins: The specific order of amino acids in a polypeptide determines the overall shape of the protein. ![]() Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are made up of sugar monomers whose structures determine the properties and functions of the molecules. ![]() The presence of strong intermolecular forces impacts the unique physical properties of polymers like density, crystallinity, melting point, and strength. The structure and functions of Polymers are influenced by the way monomers react or join together to form a polymer. The four major types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Biomolecules have a wide range of sizes and structures and perform a vast array of functions. Biomolecules, also called biological molecules, are substances produced by cells and living organisms.
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